Polygon Dissection and Tiling: Dudeney's Dissection
2011-11-03 03:41
This applet demonstrates the classic Dudeney dissection problem, illustrating how a polygon can be cut into several pieces and then reassembled into another polygon of equal area. Through GeoGebra's dynamic geometry construction, users can visually follow the step-by-step dissection process, observe the geometric relationships between each piece, and understand the principle of area conservation.
The applet involves the construction of various geometric objects including polygons, line segments, midpoints, perpendicular lines, intersection points, and circular arcs. Users can manipulate the construction interactively, tracing how each cut is made and how the resulting pieces fit together perfectly in the target configuration. The dynamic nature of the applet allows learners to explore different stages of the dissection at their own pace, reinforcing spatial reasoning skills.
This interactive tool serves as an excellent resource for exploring geometric transformations and area calculations. Students can witness firsthand how the same set of pieces can form two different-looking polygons while maintaining identical total area. The construction highlights important geometric concepts such as congruence, symmetry, and the preservation of area under dissection and rearrangement.
By engaging with this applet, learners develop a deeper intuitive understanding of why certain dissections work and how mathematical reasoning underpins geometric constructions. The visual and interactive approach makes abstract concepts more accessible, supporting both classroom instruction and independent exploration of geometry topics related to polygons, transformations, and area equivalence.
Loading the math board and drawing, please wait…
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<geogebra format="4.0" id="5964adab-8a64-4b8c-8334-86c9487fc1ae" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.geogebra.org/ggb.xsd" xmlns="" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
<gui>
<window width="905" height="681" />
<perspectives>
<perspective id="tmp">
<panes>
<pane location="" divider="0.2662983425414365" orientation="1" />
</panes>
<views>
<view id="4" toolbar="0 || 2020 , 2021 , 2022 , 66 || 2001 , 2003 , 2002 , 2004 , 2005 || 2040 , 2041 , 2042 , 2044 , 2043" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1,1" size="200" window="0,0,400,400" />
<view id="1" visible="true" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1" size="897" window="0,0,400,400" />
<view id="2" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="3" size="241" window="0,0,200,400" />
<view id="16" visible="false" inframe="true" stylebar="false" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="32" visible="false" inframe="true" stylebar="true" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="64" visible="false" inframe="true" stylebar="false" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
</views>
<toolbar show="true" items="0 39 59 || 1 501 67 , 5 19 , 72 | 2 15 45 , 18 65 , 7 37 | 4 3 8 9 , 13 44 , 58 , 47 || 16 51 64 , 70 | 10 34 53 11 , 24 20 22 , 21 23 | 55 56 57 , 12 || 36 46 , 38 49 50 , 71 | 30 29 54 32 31 33 | 17 26 62 , 14 66 68 | 25 52 60 61 || 40 41 42 , 27 28 35 , 6" />
<input show="true" cmd="true" top="false" />
</perspective>
</perspectives>
<labelingStyle val="3"/>
<font size="12"/>
<graphicsSettings javaLatexFonts="false"/>
<consProtColumns col0="true" col1="true" col2="false" col3="true" col4="false" col5="true" col6="true" col7="false"/>
<consProtocol useColors="true" addIcons="false" showOnlyBreakpoints="false"/>
</gui>
<euclidianView>
<size width="897" height="515"/>
<coordSystem xZero="214.99999999999997" yZero="315.00000000000006" scale="49.999999999999986" yscale="49.99999999999998"/>
<evSettings axes="false" grid="false" gridIsBold="false" pointCapturing="3" rightAngleStyle="1" checkboxSize="13" gridType="0"/>
<bgColor r="255" g="255" b="255"/>
<axesColor r="0" g="0" b="0"/>
<gridColor r="192" g="192" b="192"/>
<lineStyle axes="1" grid="10"/>
<axis id="0" show="false" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="1" showNumbers="true"/>
<axis id="1" show="false" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="1" showNumbers="true"/>
</euclidianView>
<kernel>
<continuous val="false"/>
<decimals val="2"/>
<angleUnit val="degree"/>
<algebraStyle val="0"/>
<coordStyle val="0"/>
<angleFromInvTrig val="false"/>
</kernel>
<scripting blocked="false" disabled="false"/>
<construction title="" author="" date="">
<element type="point" label="A">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelOffset x="-9" y="39"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="1.62" y="3.28" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="point" label="B">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="-1.56" y="-2.44" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Polygon">
<input a0="A" a1="B" a2="3"/>
<output a0="多邊形1" a1="a" a2="a_1" a3="b" a4="C"/>
</command>
<element type="polygon" label="多邊形1">
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="a">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="5.72" y="-3.18" z="1.1639999999999993"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="a_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.10603921596548327" y="6.54366530964699" z="15.801122178632498"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="b">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-5.613960784034516" y="-3.363665309646989" z="20.127438685778042"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="point" label="C">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<auxiliary val="true"/>
<coords x="4.983665309646989" y="-2.3339607840345167" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="A" a1="B"/>
<output a0="c"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="c">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="5.72" y="-3.18" z="1.1639999999999993"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="B" a1="C"/>
<output a0="d"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="d">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.10603921596548327" y="6.54366530964699" z="15.801122178632498"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="C" a1="A"/>
<output a0="e"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="e">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-5.613960784034516" y="-3.363665309646989" z="20.127438685778042"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Midpoint">
<input a0="A" a1="B"/>
<output a0="D"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="D">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="0.030000000000000027" y="0.41999999999999993" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Midpoint">
<input a0="A" a1="C"/>
<output a0="E"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="E">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="3.3018326548234946" y="0.47301960798274156" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="OrthogonalLine">
<input a0="D" a1="d"/>
<output a0="f"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="f">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-6.54366530964699" y="-0.10603921596548327" z="0.24084642999491282"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="OrthogonalLine">
<input a0="E" a1="d"/>
<output a0="g"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="g">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-6.54366530964699" y="-0.10603921596548327" z="21.656246429994916"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="f" a1="d"/>
<output a0="F"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="F">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="3.251557036107032" y="-103.3717158872064" z="42.8308"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="g" a1="d"/>
<output a0="G"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="G">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="143.3867671083212" y="-101.1008436616192" z="42.8308"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="E" a1="F"/>
<output a0="h"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="h">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="2.8865098039913706" y="-3.225916327411748" z="-8.004850652709443"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="OrthogonalLine">
<input a0="G" a1="h"/>
<output a0="i"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="i">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="138.1685770361071" y="123.6315241127936" z="-170.72513672845656"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="OrthogonalLine">
<input a0="D" a1="h"/>
<output a0="j"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="j">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="3.225916327411748" y="2.8865098039913706" z="-1.309111607498728"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="j" a1="h"/>
<output a0="H"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="H">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="27.329164397566917" y="-22.044214929504" z="18.738475"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="i" a1="h"/>
<output a0="I"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="I">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1540.3968925616903" y="-613.2190431169598" z="802.5838750300002"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="D" a1="H"/>
<output a0="k"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="k">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.596414565726613" y="1.4284518963024961" z="-0.6478422334188467"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="I" a1="G"/>
<output a0="l"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="l">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.5964145657266129" y="1.4284518963024961" z="-1.9725765500049368"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="CircleArc">
<input a0="D" a1="A" a2="B"/>
<output a0="p"/>
</command>
<element type="conicpart" label="p">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="-10.5304" A3="0.0" A4="-0.030000000000000027" A5="-0.41999999999999993"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="p"/>
<output a0="J"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="J">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="125" g="125" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelOffset x="-30" y="23"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="1.62" y="3.28" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="D" a1="J"/>
<output a0="m"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="m">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-2.86" y="1.59" z="-0.5819999999999999"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="D" a1="F"/>
<output a0="q"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="q">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="-7.853475000000002" A3="0.0" A4="-0.030000000000000027" A5="-0.41999999999999993"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="B" a1="F"/>
<output a0="n"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="n">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.026509803991370706" y="1.6359163274117465" z="3.9502805446581233"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="J" a1="n"/>
<output a0="r"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="r">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="10.705875" A3="0.0" A4="-1.62" A5="-3.28"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="q" a1="r" a2="1"/>
<output a0="K"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="K">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.015916327411747175" y="3.253490196008629" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="J" a1="K"/>
<output a0="s"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="s">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="0.026509803991370706" y="-1.6359163274117472" z="5.32285967144451"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="B" a1="H"/>
<output a0="t"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="t">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.2635854342733868" y="3.018451896302496" z="5.393829349511607"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="J" a1="t"/>
<output a0="c_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="c_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="2.675100000000004" A3="0.0" A4="-1.62" A5="-3.28"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="D" a1="H"/>
<output a0="d_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="d_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="-4.411714285714288" A3="0.0" A4="-0.030000000000000027" A5="-0.41999999999999993"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="c_1" a1="d_1" a2="2"/>
<output a0="L"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="L">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.3984518963024957" y="2.0164145657266133" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="D" a1="L"/>
<output a0="b_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="b_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.5964145657266133" y="-1.4284518963024957" z="0.6478422334188465"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="L" a1="K"/>
<output a0="e_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="e_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.2370756302820158" y="1.3825355688907486" z="-4.517755619783925"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="CircleArc">
<input a0="E" a1="C" a2="A"/>
<output a0="f_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conicpart" label="f_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="0.4181464299949116" A3="0.0" A4="-3.3018326548234946" A5="-0.47301960798274156"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="f_1"/>
<output a0="M"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="M">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="125" g="125" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelOffset x="7" y="29"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="1.620000000000001" y="3.2800000000000002" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="E" a1="M"/>
<output a0="g_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="g_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-2.806980392017259" y="-1.6818326548234936" z="10.063719342889021"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="E" a1="F"/>
<output a0="h_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="h_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="-7.612628570005092" A3="0.0" A4="-3.3018326548234946" A5="-0.47301960798274156"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="M" a1="d - n"/>
<output a0="k_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="k_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="-10.709525000000006" A3="0.0" A4="-1.620000000000001" A5="-3.2800000000000002"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="h_1" a1="k_1" a2="2"/>
<output a0="N"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="N">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="6.527748982235244" y="3.3595294119741115" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="M" a1="N"/>
<output a0="i_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="i_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.07952941197411123" y="4.907748982235243" z="-15.968579014333537"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="E" a1="N"/>
<output a0="j_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="j_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-2.8865098039913697" y="3.2259163274117495" z="8.004850652709438"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="G" a1="C"/>
<output a0="l_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="l_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.026509803991370706" y="1.6359163274117474" z="3.950280544658125"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="M" a1="l_1"/>
<output a0="p_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="p_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="10.705875000000004" A3="0.0" A4="-1.620000000000001" A5="-3.2800000000000002"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="p_1" a1="i_1" a2="1"/>
<output a0="O"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="O">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="3.2559163274117484" y="3.3065098039913705" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="OrthogonalLine">
<input a0="O" a1="j_1"/>
<output a0="m_1"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="m_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-3.2259163274117495" y="-2.8865098039913697" z="20.047586607498733"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="m_1" a1="j_1"/>
<output a0="P"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="P">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="87.77791685086379" y="32.0445768698432" z="18.738475000000005"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="O" a1="P"/>
<output a0="n_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="n_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.5964145657266136" y="1.4284518963024952" z="-9.920982449521482"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="O" a1="N"/>
<output a0="q_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="q_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="10.826298214997452" A3="0.0" A4="-3.2559163274117484" A5="-3.3065098039913705"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Line">
<input a0="N" a1="O"/>
<output a0="r_1"/>
</command>
<element type="line" label="r_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="0.05301960798274097" y="-3.2718326548234957" z="10.645719342889024"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="q_1" a1="r_1" a2="2"/>
<output a0="Q"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="Q">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.015916327411747165" y="3.253490196008629" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="CircleArc">
<input a0="O" a1="N" a2="Q"/>
<output a0="s_1"/>
</command>
<element type="conicpart" label="s_1">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="10.826298214997452" A3="0.0" A4="-3.2559163274117484" A5="-3.3065098039913705"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="s_1"/>
<output a0="R"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="R">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="125" g="125" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelOffset x="17" y="2"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="-0.01591632741174731" y="3.253490196008631" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="O" a1="R"/>
<output a0="t_1"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="t_1">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="0.053019607982739636" y="-3.2718326548234957" z="10.64571934288903"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="O" a1="P"/>
<output a0="c_2"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="c_2">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="16.944983929283172" A3="0.0" A4="-3.2559163274117484" A5="-3.3065098039913705"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="P" a1="N"/>
<output a0="a_2"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="a_2">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.6494341737093545" y="1.8433807585210005" z="4.57420037297682"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Circle">
<input a0="R" a1="a_2"/>
<output a0="d_2"/>
</command>
<element type="conic" label="d_2">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eigenvectors x0="1.0" y0="0.0" z0="1.0" x1="-0.0" y1="1.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="1.0" A1="1.0" A2="4.466766070716838" A3="0.0" A4="0.01591632741174731" A5="-3.253490196008631"/>
<eqnStyle style="specific"/>
</element>
<command name="Intersect">
<input a0="c_2" a1="d_2" a2="2"/>
<output a0="S"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="S">
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="64" g="64" b="64" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.8274644311092534" y="4.902924369717986" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="3"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="R" a1="S"/>
<output a0="b_2"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="b_2">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.6494341737093547" y="1.8433807585210007" z="-6.023674159711913"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Segment">
<input a0="O" a1="S"/>
<output a0="e_2"/>
</command>
<element type="segment" label="e_2">
<show object="false" label="false"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.596414565726615" y="-1.428451896302495" z="9.920982449521485"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Polygon">
<input a0="A" a1="D" a2="H" a3="E"/>
<output a0="多邊形2" a1="a_3" a2="d_3" a3="h_2" a4="e_3"/>
</command>
<element type="polygon" label="多邊形2">
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="a_3">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="2.86" y="-1.59" z="0.5819999999999999"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="d_3">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.596414565726613" y="1.4284518963024961" z="-0.6478422334188467"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="h_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.6494341737093547" y="1.8433807585209985" z="4.574200372976824"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="e_3">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-2.806980392017258" y="-1.6818326548234945" z="10.06371934288902"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Polygon">
<input a0="J" a1="D" a2="L" a3="K"/>
<output a0="多邊形3" a1="j_2" a2="d_4" a3="l_2" a4="k_2"/>
</command>
<element type="polygon" label="多邊形3">
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="j_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="2.86" y="-1.59" z="0.5819999999999999"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="d_4">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.5964145657266133" y="-1.4284518963024957" z="0.6478422334188465"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="l_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.2370756302820158" y="1.3825355688907486" z="-4.517755619783925"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="k_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.026509803991370706" y="1.6359163274117472" z="-5.32285967144451"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Polygon">
<input a0="M" a1="E" a2="P" a3="O"/>
<output a0="多邊形4" a1="m_2" a2="e_4" a3="p_2" a4="o"/>
</command>
<element type="polygon" label="多邊形4">
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="m_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="2.806980392017259" y="1.6818326548234936" z="-10.063719342889021"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="e_4">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.2370756302820154" y="1.382535568890749" z="3.430650279732616"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="p_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.5964145657266136" y="-1.4284518963024952" z="9.920982449521482"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="o">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="0.026509803991370262" y="-1.6359163274117474" z="5.322859671444513"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<command name="Polygon">
<input a0="O" a1="S" a2="R"/>
<output a0="多邊形5" a1="r_2" a2="o_1" a3="s_2"/>
</command>
<element type="polygon" label="多邊形5">
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="r_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-1.596414565726615" y="-1.428451896302495" z="9.920982449521485"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="o_1">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="1.6494341737093547" y="-1.8433807585210007" z="6.023674159711913"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<element type="segment" label="s_2">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="153" g="51" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelOffset x="-10" y="7"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<coords x="-0.053019607982739636" y="3.2718326548234957" z="-10.64571934288903"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<outlyingIntersections val="false"/>
<keepTypeOnTransform val="true"/>
</element>
<expression label="text1" exp=""MTH 2101, Chong Shuk-Yu, HKIEd""/>
<element type="text" label="text1">
<show object="true" label="false"/>
<objColor r="102" g="102" b="102" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<fixed val="true"/>
<startPoint x="9.200000000000003" y="-3.2600000000000002" z="1.0"/>
</element>
</construction>
</geogebra>